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| Lane X, Ngayogyakarta Palace and Governor of Yogyakarta (Photo: Ist) |
By: lane X *
ON May 1, 2013, exactly fifty years anniversary of integration "West Irian" into the lap of the Homeland. This memorial is celebrated in three different locations in different shades. At the roundabout, the party held 50-year themed "Soul of Papua in 2013", and is celebrated with mass Yospan dance by dancer's 1,500 Papuans in Jakarta.
Fundamental Issues shadow
In his native land, Sorong, enlivened the celebration with a torch to the landing TRIKORA in Teminanbuan, which was opened by the Minister of Sports. If in Jakarta all Papuans feel involved, a resident of Sorong said: "We're just a spectator in our own area". He added, "overpowered Economic others".
Indeed, can not represent the condition of Sorong Papua entirely. But what happened there also occurred in a number of other areas in Papua. Many indigenous Papuans who have not felt the sense of integration. Instead of
celebrating, living sejahterah, although berlimpa natural
resources. "It's a form of disappointment Papuan people," said Chairman of the Implementation Committee, who is also Deputy Chairman of the Parliament of West Papua. Similarly, a fragment of which was published in the daily news detik.com, May 13, 2013 edition.
While ahead of the anniversary, on 26 April 2013, in Oxford, far across there, has opened offices Free West Papua which was attended by the Mayor of Oxford and member of the British Parliament. That said, the next plan will also be opened in Germany. This shows the weakness of our diplomacy, but in both countries there are many senior diplomats, even someone from the NIA (National Intelligence Agency).
Of the three events in different locations, as if marking shadows fundamental problems in Papua, which is in the process of resolution need to listen to the aspirations of Papuans outside Papua, indigenous people in Papua, Papua and overseas citizens. In this regard, the government should do it kompherensif and simultaneously, solving the problem of political, economic, and armed movements in Papua, and to anticipate the political opinion of the public abroad.
Simultaneously, the need to create an atmosphere of peace must begin with building understanding (mutual understanding) as a first basis for creating mutual trust (mutual trust) in order to further grow mutual respect (mutual respect) among the parties to the conflict.
All of them should depart from a sincere dialogue, honest and open. In the context of Jakrta-Papua dialogue, the central government must show good faith by establishing a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), and accompanied kompesasi provision to victims or families of victims who died. Giving kompesasi was also the indigenous people of Papua, that the offender must pay a fine.
Building Trust
Cycle of conflict and violence in Papua should be immediately disconnected. Formation Unit for the Acceleration of Development of Papua and West (UP4B) alone is not enough. There must be a solution to the root of the problem, with the release of political prisoners and the reduction of organic bertahab military forces of the earth Cendrawasi. Because, the main problem is a matter of trust in Jakarta through desekuritisasi towards Papua Peace. If confidence (trust building) has grown, new possible dialogue history, economics or other dialog dialogue that grows on the welfare of the Papuan people.
Before growing confidence, then granting special ekonami (SAF) will not have significant impact. Moreover, it is reported only benefit the elite Papuan Special Autonomy course, not evenly into the wider community. Otsus bertumbu only in the field of security and the economy has failed the people of Papua prosper. Variety of mysterious killings are rampant these days, where the culprit was not caught, is a sign not terjaminya security in Papua. In fact, since the year 2001-2011 funds initiated otsu has reached Rp. 28.3 trillion, the Papuans should make life more prosperous and secure.
Root Problem and Alternative Solutions
Suspected problems that matter, there must be the root cause. In finding the root cause of course we could not guess in a way, but it should be with the survey, in-depth research and study. In this case the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) has been conducting research since the 2004-2008 conflict in Papua under competitive research sub-program 'Regional Autonomy, Conflict, and Competitiveness ".
The research is aimed at building trust and reconciliation process, and conduct a comparative study in Latin America, and South Africa. At the end of 2008, the study recorded Papua dengna title: PAPUA ROAD MAP: Negotiating the Past, the Present securitying improving the future (abbreviated PRM). The PRM Pendektan attention to the importance of overcoming the humanitarian dimension of the non-physical (intagibel) that run in Papua since 1962 - now.
According mapping LIPI, there are four main issues at the root permalasahan. First, Marginalization and disrkiminasi against indigenous Papuans. The demographic, political, economic, social and cultural. Second, human rights abuses and violence that the country has not been resolved fairly. Included also not succeeded diputusnya cycle of violence in Papua by the State. In addition, also the political violence. Construction of Indonesian nationalism is defined as militaristic that the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia is set in stone, and the idea of self-segregation is against the law of the Republic of Indonesia. Papuans protest movement tehadapa faced with policies that marginalize pendekataan security. State is present in Papua in the form of buck-buck military.
Third, historical and political status of Papua to be debated among the Papuans, particularly with regard to the implementation of a poll that produces the integration of Papua into the Republic of Indonesia. There are sharp differences in the construction of Indonesian nationalism and nationalism Papua. Indonesian nationalists think Papua is part of the Indonesian people, regardless of differences in race and culture. But according to Papuan nationalists, kepapuan based on racial differences, between the Indonesian Malay Race by Race Melanesian Papuans. Papua Nasionalismme by Murdin S. Widjojo (2008) is formed by four main factors:
Disappointment with the Indonesian Papua pengintergrasian history
Elite competition with pejebat Indonesian officials in government since the days of the Dutch
Economic development and governance in Papua perpetuate the sense of different, and
The number of migrants from outside that cause feelings and concerns marginalized Papuans.
Fourth, Development of the failures associated with the implementation of the special autonomy law, especially when viewed from the success / failure in four priority sectors: education, health, economic empowerment, and infrastructure development. Economic development and migration in Papua is interpreted as an attempt to improve the welfare of the state, is seen as an effort by the Papuan people from natural resource exploitation, and marginalization of the Papuan people. Despite huge special autonomy funds, but as Papua remained the poorest region in Indonesia (38 per cent of Papua and West Papua 40 percent).
Jakarta Papuans feel just move the development to Papua, not to the people of Papua. Therefore, in addition to mapping the problem, Tim PRM also offer three alternative solutions dignified peace in Papua. First, rekognisasi and empowerment of indigenous Papuans. Secondly, a new paradigm of development in Papua. Court of Human Rights and Reconciliation.
How can all this be done? In addition to continuing the programs that have been / are being run, the most important policy recommendation is to allow for dialogue between the conflicting parties, both in Papua and in Jakarta.
Five Strategies Government
Since 2004, the Government launched a Papua Land of Peace (Papua, Land of Peace). Therefore, the government put forward the approach of peace, dialogue and dignified in Papua manage. Five strategies for Papuan government is, first, strengthen the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia while respecting the diversity and specificity of the people and territory of Papua. Second, organize and optimize the implementation of the Act N0. 21/2001 on Special Autonomy for Papua.
Third, affirmative policies as a positive discrimination and the recognition of basic rights of Papuans, as access to quality higher education, career bureaucracy and the army / police, as well as indigenous entrepreneurs. Fourth, mendesaib strategies, policies, and programs, including financing to accelerate the development and empowerment of the people of Papua region. Fifth, promote respect for human rights and reduce the level of violence whether committed group separtis Papua, as well as those carried out by officers in the country beyond the limits of decency.
Prerequisites dialog
Dialogue is not a solution, but rather the media or forum provided to initiate political communication requirements between Jakarta and Papua. Communication is more intensive and regular become essential in order to cope with the tension, mutual suspicion, and mistrust over the years. Peaceful dialogue is not something instant, but rather a long process that must be carefully set. Although complex, the dialogue is very likely dialkukan by first creating the prerequisites and conditions that make the party more confident to engage in dialogue.
First, are the terms of the dialogue, covering equality, openness, mutual respect. Second, resolving the root causes of violence include the release of political prisoners and political prisoners (Prisoners / political prisoners), ground handling (political defense), the arrangement of security and intelligence apparatus, and the Completion of human rights violations in a fair and dignified. Third, the national dialogue should be based on the central government's political decision, because no formal political decision almost certainly would not have been no peaceful dialogue. The main Tujuaan dialogue is to address the non-physical problems that tend to be ignored, such as, merekognisi issues related to the experience of suffering violence Papuans (memoria passionis), insecurity and discomfort due to repression and stigma pendekataan separtis than the limited political and civil liberties.
No means of independent Papua dialogue, not too Homeland, Autonomy, or the acceleration of development in Papua. Dialogue is the essence of the media, how to communicate to the parties to start opening up, looked at others as equals and with dignity, and keiginan good to sit together to discuss issues that are a source of discord, tension, conflict, and the origins of violence in Papua.
Conflicts in Papua today, not the conflict, but the conflict between the government and society vertical. Violence that arises is part of the conflict is not solved, the two camps, the proposal of the dialogue was inspired local kearifakan Papua, that they had a problem with the culture Completion dialog. People call it with precision rack, to tell any event be anxiety.
Final Note: Opening Moderai Jalan Damai
During 50 years of integration, Indonesia has not been able to mengindonesiakan Papua, because there is no chemistry between Indonesia and Papua, and yet there are points that attaches as a strong nation. Nation is a cultural concession, which was born as equations, including equations fate, race, and culture. Until now the fate of the equation has not been felt by the people of Papua from poverty, ignorance, poor health, injustice, and violence (K5) still ruled Papua, and the reason has not mengindonesianya Papua.
To this day controversy like as a fire in the chaff, if the poll was actually an act of free choice (the act of free choice), or actually an "act of free choice". Papuan People memorable increasingly losing hope of a future with humanity and honor in recognition of the Republic of Indonesia.
Not surprising that in this situation the various parties actually taking a hard stance with uncompromising willingness to resolve the issues so complex that the violence. In fact, violence is not the way out, if a part of the people can only be maintained in the unity of the country by means of violence and oppression, then, it is actually losing their country.
When the situation in Papua is now approaching such circumstances, the presence of Father Neles Tebay as dew remedy. In 1992, when ordained a priest in the Roman Catholic church, he was given a custom name "Kebadabi" which in the language of Mee (the person who opened the door or street), Neles Tebay as opening doors and opening the way, to show that a peaceful Papua, advanced, and happy, and even then in kesatuaan with Indonesia is still possible. Since 13 years ago, Neles Tebay consistently voiced moderation, know yourself attitude, and at the same time consistently demanded that the people of Papua memperohleh rights.
Reflectively in Papua issues we should consider exploring its history back to the realization that history is the telling of the event and not the event itself. Historical events are always a rententan crochet hooks between the prologue, analog, epilok, and problems menyertainnya. Reflective insight kesejarahaan experienced with holy meditations expected to find driving directions peaceful.
Reflections and musings holy ourselves finding her figure on Neles Tebay, because the voice is the voice by Neles Tebay, perdamaiaan, he rejected violence (whatever the motivation and purpose). Neles Tebay no other purpose, advancing the Jakarta-Papua dialogue, during the Jakarta and officials suspect the word 'dialogue' just because a keyword Second Papuan Congress in 2000. Recently, after the president gave a commitment to dialogue, the dialogue turned into magic spells.
Political Will is there, just waiting for the awaited presidential political action. Hopefully tit for tat, where Father Neles Tebay "hopefully Neles Tebay-Neles Tebay" another surface, ready to moderate the opening of the road "to the peaceful paradise earth" sustainable.
* The author is Gebernur Ngayogyakarta Palace and Yogyakarta. This paper was presented in the seminar "50 Years of Papua in Indonesia" at the University of Indonesia, on May 15, 2013.
source:http://suarapapua.com
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